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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Jan 28.
Published before final editing as: Int J Geogr Inf Sci. 2025 Jan 28:10.1080/13658816.2024.2443757. doi: 10.1080/13658816.2024.2443757

Table 3.

Evaluation Comparison between PCE and DiCE

Metric Method Euclidean Manhattan Cosine
dmean DiCE 2.48 7.72 0.26
PCE 1.24 2.80 0.17
dRmean PCE/DiCE 0.54 0.42 0.79
%closer PCE<DiCE 0.62 0.62 0.42
*

The bold number shows the best performance. The smaller the distance metric, the better.