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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Jan 28.
Published before final editing as: Int J Geogr Inf Sci. 2025 Jan 28:10.1080/13658816.2024.2443757. doi: 10.1080/13658816.2024.2443757

Table 5.

Generated counterfactual examples for a single OHCA patient

Variable query instance Counterfactuals (cf)
cf1 cf2 cf3 cf4 cf5
latitude 33.40 33.33 30.85 33.98 30.77 33.47
longitude −84.60 −82.54 −83.34 −83.71 −83.76 −84.18
Types of CPR 1.0 2.0 2.0 - - 4.0
Etiology 6.0 - - 2.0 5.0 2.0
Gender 1.0 - - - - -
Race 6.0 - - - - -
Location type 5.0 - 2.0 4.0 7.0 -
Patient initial acuity 2.0 - - - - -
Witnessed by whom 0.0 2.0 - - 3.0 -
CPR used or not 1.0 - - - 0.0 -
Who use CPR 3.0 1.0 - - 2.0 1.0
AED used or not 0.0 - - - - -
Age 0.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 - -
EMS response time (Duration) 3.0 - 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

Survival outcome 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
*

Hyphen (−) means the values in generated counterfactual examples are unchanged compared with the value in the query instance. Survival outcome (0: expired, 1: survived). cfs: counterfactual examples