TABLE 1.
Demographics and Language Characteristics of the Cohort
| Zuni dominant (N = 18) | English dominant (N = 21) | Total (N = 39) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Age (y) | 56.3 ± 9.9 | 51.5 ±11.0 | 53.7± 10.7 | 0.16 |
| Male (%) | 6 (33.33) | 9 (42.86) | 15 (38.46) | 0.78 |
| Education (Y) | 12.0 [12.0;14.0] | 12.0 [12.0;14.0] | 12.0 [12.0;14.0] | 1.00 |
| Age learned Zuni | 3.5 [3.0;4.0] | 4.0 [3.0;6.0] | 4.0 [3.0;5.0] | 0.27 |
| Age learned English | 5.0 [4.5;6.0] | 3.0 [3.0;5.0] | 4.5 [3.0;6.0] | 0.001 |
| Language learned first | 0.004 | |||
| Zuni (%) | 15 (83.33) | 6 (31.58) | 21 (56.76) | |
| English (%) | 3 (16.67) | 13 (68.42) | 16 (43.24) | |
| % time Zuni used | 67.5 [50.0;75.0] | 40.0 [15.0;50.0] | 50.0 [40.0;60.0] | < 0.001 |
| % time English used | 32.5 [25.0;50.0] | 60.0 [50.0;85.0] | 50.0 [40.0;60.0] | < 0.001 |
| Language dominance Index | 0.68 [0.64;0.72] | 0.74 [0.69;0.82] | 0.71 [0.66;0.78] | 0.01 |
Note: Language dominance based on self-report primary language spoken. Unless otherwise specified, mean ± SD for normally distributed data and median (interquartile range) for not normally distributed data are presented. P-values reported from either t tests or Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous data and from the χ2 test with continuity correction for categorical data.