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. 2025 Aug 25;40:e407025. doi: 10.1590/acb407025

Figure 9. Effect of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) leaf extract on the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines parameters against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats. (a) Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), (b) interleukin- (IL)-1β, (c) IL-6, (d) IL-10. All data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean.

Figure 9

NC: normal control; HFD: high fat diet; LF: lotus leaf; ###p < 0.001 was compared with the normal control; *p < 0.05 was compared with the HFD control group rats; **p < 0.01 was compared with the HFD control group rats; ***p < 0.001 was compared with the HFD control group rats. Source: Elaborated by the authors.