Table 2. Characteristics and primary outcomes of included studies.
| Study | Year | Country | Participants | Presentation | App users | Outcomes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (I/C)a | App | EMSb | IHTc | EDd | EMS | ED | pPCIe | D2Bf (mins) | FMC2Bg (mins) | |||
| Aboal et al [18] | 2024 | Spain | 98/129 | ODISEA (Biomedical Research Institute of Girona) | ✓ | ✓ | — | ✓ | — | ✓ | — | 102 (SD 36)h vs 117 (SD 45)h |
| Abrahim et al [28] | 2023 | USA | 132/296 | e-Bridge (General Devices LLC) | ✓ | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 61.2 (SD 24.3) vs 68.4 (SD 24.6)h | 94.9 (SD 26.5) vs 100.2 (SD 28.0)b |
| Aldajani et al [29] | 2024 | Canada | 31/84 | STENOA (Stenoa Inc) | ✓ | — | ✓ | — | ✓ | ✓ | — | 85.3 (SD 25.5) vs 95.5 (SD 52.2)b |
| Anai et al [15]. | 2024 | Japan | 113/130 | SCUNA (Mehergen Group Holdings, Inc) | ✓ | — | — | ✓ | — | ✓ | 60 (SD 25.1) vs 75 (SD 20)h | — |
| Arinaga et. al. [30] | 2022 | Japan | 23/25 | SCUNA | ✓ | — | — | ✓ | — | ✓ | 49 (41‐85.5) vs 59 (38-67)i | 72 (60.5‐107) vs 80 (63-92)i |
| Astarcioglu et al [9] | 2015 | Turkey | 53/55 | WhatsApp (Meta Platforms Inc) | — | ✓ | — | — | ✓ | ✓ | — | 109 (SD 31) vs 130 (SD 46)h |
| Bendary et al [19] | 2019 | Egypt | 100/100 | ✓ | ✓ | — | — | ✓ | ✓ | 120 (SD 35) vs 157 (SD 30)h | — | |
| Bladin et al [20] | 2022 | Australia | 171/76 | Pulsara (Pulsara, Inc) | ✓ | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 59.37 (SD 41.33) vs 77.3 (SD 61.6)i | — |
| Brouillette et al [16] | 2023 | Canada | 31/84 | STENOA | ✓ | — | ✓ | — | ✓ | ✓ | — | — |
| Chao et al [24] | 2017 | Taiwan | 44/40 | LINE (LY Corporation) | — | — | ✓ | — | ✓ | ✓ | 90.4 (SD 9.8) vs 119.3 (SD 16.3)i | — |
| Cordero et al [17] | 2013 | Spain | 177 | MBEAT (ImaxDI) | ✓ | — | — | ✓ | — | ✓ | — | 128 vs 187h (p<0.01) |
| Dickson et al [31] | 2023 | USA | 69/36 | Pulsara (Pulsara, Inc) | ✓ | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 71 (SD 49) vs 91 (SD 49)h | — |
| Ibanez et al [21] | 2019 | Argentina | 43/62 | ✓ | ✓ | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | — | 132 (80‐150) vs 166 (135-210)h | |
| Kang et al [25] | 2023 | China | 100/98 | WeChat (Tencent Holdings Ltd) | — | ✓ | — | — | ✓ | ✓ | 65.9 (SD 13.86) vs 98.21 (SD 21.02)h | 98.6 (SD 18.7) vs 128.28 (SD 20.22)h |
| Kini et al [32] | 2024 | USA | 17/43 | STEMICathAid (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai) | — | ✓ | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | — | 86 (SD 16) vs 120 (SD 48)h |
| Kohashi et al [33] | 2023 | Japan | 77/160 | SCUNA | ✓ | — | — | ✓ | — | ✓ | 67.7 (SD 23.6) vs 78.0 (SD 29.3)h | — |
| Liu et al [26] | 2020 | Taiwan | 70/70 | WeChat (Tencent Holdings Ltd) | — | ✓ | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 60 vs 95.5h (p<0.001) | 132 vs 171h (p<0.001) |
| Park et al [22] | 2016 | Korea | 50/64 | BAND (Naver Corporation/Camp Mobile) | — | ✓ | — | — | ✓ | ✓ | 47.5 (40-56) vs 56.5 (47-69.5)h | 102.5 (89-139) vs 129.5 (98-159)h |
| Studencan et al [34] | 2018 | Slovakia | 178/67 | STEMI (STEMI Global) | ✓ | — | ✓ | — | ✓ | — | — | |
| Yu et al [27] | 2019 | Taiwan | 51/89 | LINE (LY Corporation) | — | ✓ | — | — | ✓ | ✓ | 52.6 (SD 42.2) vs 78.4 (SD 50.6)h | — |
| Yufu et al [23] | 2019 | Japan | 17/29 | SCUNA | ✓ | — | — | ✓ | — | ✓ | 70 (SD 26) vs 96 (SD 24)h | — |
a
I/C: intervention/control.
b
EMS: emergency medical service.
c
IHT: interhospital transfer.
d
ED: emergency department.
e
pPCI: primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
f
D2B: door to balloon.
g
FMC2B: first medical contact to balloon.
h
P<.05 (significant).
i
P≥.05 (not significant); values in parentheses: median and IQR; values with (SD): mean (SD).