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. 2025 Jun 23;42(2):126–137. doi: 10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14338

Table 2. Annual economic burden attributable to tobacco consumption in Peru by sex, health status, and type of costs, 2020.

Cost type Sex Attributable costs (millions of US dollars)
COPD Cardiovascular diseases Lung cancer Other types of cancer Passive smoking and other causes Stroke Pneumonia Total
Direct medical costs Men 231.0 48.3 71.1 73.7 60.3 75.9 2.1 562.4
Women 247.1 107.0 70.6 122.0 86.5 86.9 2.6 722.7
Total 478.0 155.3 141.7 195.8 146.8 162.9 4.8 1285.2
Costs of lost productivity Premature mortality Men 46.3 30.9 24.3 45.9 25.1 23.4 13.6 209.5
Women 32.5 8.1 18.1 25.0 12.4 13.8 5.7 115.6
Total 78.8 39.1 42.4 70.8 37.5 37.3 19.3 325.1
Disability Men 144.6 20.2 10.7 27.9 32.9 38.1 0.1 274.5
Women 101.8 5.2 8.5 13.7 19.1 30.2 0.0 178.5
Total 246.3 25.4 19.2 41.6 52.0 68.3 0.1 453.0
Informal care costs Men 201.4 36.8 12.3 35.7 48.2 64.0 4.4 402.9
Women 189.2 16.7 12.2 21.0 36.2 58.6 3.6 337.6
Total 390.6 53.6 24.5 56.8 84.4 122.6 8.0 740.5
Total 1193.8 273.3 227.7 365.0 320.6 391.1 32.2 2803.7

COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Monetary values are expressed in 2020 USD. Exchange rate in January 2020: USD 1 = PEN 3.3 (Soles).