Table 1:

Maternal and neonatal characteristics of all infants, Risk +, and PH+ infants

Characteristics	All Infants Pre-Screen (n=513)	All Infants Post-Screen (n=544)	p-value	Risk+ Pre-Screen (n=270)	Risk+ Post-Screen (n=273)	p-value	PH+ Pre-Screen (n=59)	PH+ Post-Screen (n=90)	p-value
Maternal
IUGR	13 (2.5%)	20 (3.7%)	0.30	9 (3.33%)	14 (5.13%)	0.39	1 (1.7%)	5 (5.6%)	0.40
Pre-eclampsia	46 (9.0%)	50 (9.2%)	0.92	20 (7.41%)	24 (8.79%)	0.64	2 (3.4%)	7 (7.8%)	0.32
Clinical Chorioamnionitis	139 (27.1%)	87 (16.0%)	<0.001**	84 (31.11%)	48 (17.58%)	<0.001**	17 (28.8%)	19 (21.1%)	0.33
Prenatal steroids (any)	491 (100%) n=491	496 (95.4%) n=520	<0.001**	256 (100%)	251 (96.54%)	0.004**	52 (100%)	79 (95.2%)	0.30
Oligohydramnios*	0	0		0	0		0	0
Neonatal
GA, wk*	28.6 (2.4)	28.5 (2.5)	0.97	27.4 (2.5)	27.1 (2.5)	0.22	26.0 (2.4)	26.1 (2.2)	0.84
Birthweight, kg*	1.16 (0.39)	1.14 (0.40)	0.46	0.981 (0.35)	0.931 (0.35)	0.10	0.84 (0.35)	0.79 (0.24)	0.35
Sex (Female)	245 (47.8%)	273 (50.2%)	0.43	133 (49.3%)	136 (49.8%)	0.93	21 (35.6%)	43 (47.8%)
Mechanical ventilation days	2 (0–260)	1 (0–433)	0.01**	9.5 (0–260)	11 (0–433)	0.61	51 (0–260)	31 (0–433)	<0.001**
NRN 2019 BPD (mod-severe)*	67 (13.1%) n=513	70 (12.9%) n=542	0.93	67 (24.81%)	70 (25.8%)	0.84	29 (49.2%)	31 (34.4%)	0.09
IVH (≥ Grade 3)	21 (4.1%)	23 (4.2%)	1.00	17 (6.3%)	17 (6.23%)	1.0	7 (11.9%)	9 (10.0%)	0.79
Airway obstruction	2 (0.4%)	0	0.24	2 (0.74%)	0	0.25	1 (1.69%)	0	0.40
GERD (requiring medication)	46 (9.0%)	60 (11.0%)	0.31	30 (11.1%)	44 (16.1%)	0.10	12 (20.3%)	16 (17.8%)	0.83
ROP (any stage)	142 (27.7%)	192 (35.3%)	0.01**	110 (40.7%)	152 (55.7%)	<0.001**	36 (61.0%)	58 (64.4%)	0.73
PDA on problem list	81 (15.8%)	179 (32.9%)	<0.001**	65 (24.1%)	143 (52.4%)	<0.001**	29 (49.2%)	64 (71.1%)	0.01**
PDA Ligation	24 (4.7%)	25 (4.6%)	1	22 (8.2%)	25 (9.2%)	0.76	12 (20.3%)	11 (12.2%)	0.25
Sepsis type			0.51			0.65			0.22
Late onset	39 (7.6%)	52 (9.6%)		35 (13.0%)	42 (15.4%)		16 (27.1%)	16 (17.8%)
Early onset	4 (0.8%)	5 (0.9%)		2 (0.74%)	3 (1.1%)		0	2 (2.2%)
SGA*	50 (9.8%)	71 (13.1%)	0.10	35 (13.0%)	54 (19.8%)	0.04**	7 (11.9%)	16 (17.8%)	0.36
Post Natal Growth Failure**	39 (7.6%)	32 (5.9%)	0.27	36 (13.3%)	29 (10.6%)	0.36	16 (27.1%)	9 (10.0%)	0.01**
ASD/PFO*	48 (9.4%)	160 (29.4%)	<0.001**	40 (14.8%)	125 (45.8%)	<0.001**	13 (22.0%)	53 (58.9%)	<0.001**
NEC ≥ 2A*	37 (7.2%)	25 (4.6%)	0.09	26 (9.6%)	21 (7.7%)	0.45	5 (8.5%)	4 (4.4%)	0.48
> 1 Steroid course*	10 (2.0%)	3 (0.6%)	0.05	10 (3.7%)	2 (0.73%)	0.02**	7 (11.9%)	1 (1.1%)	0.01**
Culture positive sepsis*	43 (8.4%)	55 (10.1%)	0.34	37 (13.7%)	49 (18.0%)	0.12	16 (27.1%)	19 (21.1%)	0.43
NICU Medications
Dexamethasone	66 (12.9%)	103 (18.9%)	0.01	57 (21.1%)	96 (35.2%)	<0.001**	28 (47.5%)	46 (51.1%)	0.74
Prednisolone	0	20 (3.7%)	<0.001**	0	20 (7.3%)	<0.001**	0	10 (11.1%)	0.01**
Inhaled steroid	150 (29.2%)	177 (32.5%)	0.26	129 (47.8%)	158 (57.9%)	0.02**	46 (78.0%)	70 (77.8%)	1
Any PH med	18 (3.5%)	21 (3.1%)	0.73	16 (5.9%)	19 (5.9%)	1	13 (22.0)	14 (12.2%)	0.11
Sildenafil	4 (0.8%)	9 (1.7%)	0.39	4 (1.5%)	9 (3.3%)	0.26	4 (6.8%)	7 (7.8%)	1
Furosemide	332 (64.7%)	294 (54%)	<0.001**	225 (83.3%)	218 (79.9%)	0.32	59 (100%)	83 (92.2%)	0.04**
Thiazide	195 (38.0%)	135 (24.8%)	<0.001**	151 (55.9%)	122 (44.7%)	0.010**	50 (84.8%)	60 (66.7%)	0.02**
Any Diuretic	332 (64.7%)	294 (54.0%)	<0.001**	225 (83.3%)	218 (79.9%)	0.32	59 (100%)	83 (92.2%)	0.04**

Data presented as n(%)

^**p < 0.05

^*PH risk factors included in URMC PH Screening Guideline (GA < 26 weeks, BW < 750 grams)

PH = pulmonary hypertension, IUGR = intrauterine growth restriction, GA = gestational age,, NRN = neonatal research network, BPD = bronchopulmonary dysplasia, IVH = intraventricular hemorrhage, GERD (requiring medication) = gastroesophageal reflux disease (requiring proton pump inhibitor or histamine -2 blocker at discharge), ROP = retinopathy of prematurity, PDA = patent ductus arteriosus, SGA = small for gestational age, ASD = atrial septal defect, PFO = patent foramen ovale, NEC = necrotizing enterocolitis

**problem list query: growth failure, failure to thrive, poor weight gain, weight loss