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. 2025 Aug 18;2025:9944914. doi: 10.1155/sci5/9944914

Table 4.

The activities of MDA, SOD, CAT, GR, and GPx evaluated in the gastrointestinal tissues.

Groups MDA level (ng/mL) SOD level (ng/mL) CAT level (pg/mL) GR level (pg/mL) GPx level (IU/mL)
1 192.62 ± 11.63b 1730.90 ± 31.59b 22.27 ± 0.83b 776.01 ± 34.29b 55.23 ± 3.89a
2 265.98 ± 6.95#c 1396.44 ± 43.28#c 15.77 ± 0.26#c 663.71 ± 6.14#c 45.34 ± 0.94#b
3 177.97 ± 11.86∗ab 2476.55 ± 185.13∗a 26.44 ± 3.12∗a 850.03 ± 70.68∗a 56.68 ± 4.44∗a
4 161.90 ± 2.98∗a 2490.52 ± 142.03∗a 20.27 ± 0.65b 688.84 ± 17.45ab 45.93 ± 1.16b
5 158.31 ± 2.65∗a 1935.96 ± 79.76∗b 19.97 ± 0.73b 695.26 ± 19.45ab 46.36 ± 1.30b

Note: Each measurement was done at least in triplicate, and the values are the mean ± SEM for six rats in each group.

#Significant difference compared with Group 1 (control group).

Significant difference compared with Group 2 (vehicle control group).

a,b,cindicate comparisons among Groups 1–5 within each parameter. Values sharing the same letter are not significantly different from each other (p > 0.05).