Table 2. Univariate Cox regression analysis for progression-free survival in metastatic prostate cancer patients.
| Variables | HR (95% CI) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 1.00 (0.98–1.03) | 0.787 | ||
| T stage 3–4 | 0.88 (0.59–1.31) | 0.520 | ||
| ISUP GG 4–5 | 1.10 (0.67–1.81) | 0.711 | ||
| PSA | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.479 | ||
| LN metastasis | 0.88 (0.59–1.31) | 0.534 | ||
| Visceral metastasis | 1.34 (0.81–2.20) | 0.253 | ||
| Bone metastasis > 10 | 2.07*** (1.38–3.12) | < 0.001 | ||
| Bone metastasis AI featuresa | ||||
| Overall featurea | ||||
| Total metastasis ratio (metastatic bone/total bone) | 1.98*** (1.35–2.92) | < 0.001 | ||
| Metastasis intensity difference (maximum intensity − minimum intensity) | 0.66 (0.45–0.98) | 0.038 | ||
| Metastasis intensity standard deviation | 0.71 (0.48–1.04) | 0.080 | ||
| Largest metastatic lesion featurea | ||||
| Largest metastasis percentage (largest metastatic bone/total metastasis) | 0.47*** (0.32–0.70) | < 0.001 | ||
| Largest metastasis compactness (irregularity) | 1.53 (1.04–2.24) | 0.031 | ||
| Largest metastasis eccentricity | 0.71 (0.48–1.04) | 0.078 | ||
| Largest metastasis boundary standard deviation | 0.57 (0.39–0.84) | 0.005 | ||
HR = hazard ratio, CI = confidence interval, ISUP GG = International Society of Urological Pathology Grade Group, PSA = prostate-specific antigen, LN = lymph node, AI = artificial intelligence.
aAI features were applied as binary variable (high vs low).
***P < 0.001.