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. 2025 Aug 12;16:1606436. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1606436

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Copyright © 2025 Wang, Zhang, Li, Yang and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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A chart with multiple scales titled Points. Metrics include BSH (Yes/No), APTT with scale 55 to 15, Bleeding volume from 0 to 90, GCS from 15 to 3, PIV from 0 to 4500, Total Points from 0 to 220, and Risk from 0.1 to 0.9. Each metric is aligned to its corresponding numerical scale. — Nomogram plot. Total points are obtained by adding up the points for each of the five indicators (BSH, APTT, bleeding volume, GCS, PIV). Risk is the probability of a poor prognosis occurring as derived from the total points. BSH, Brainstem Hemorrhage; APTT, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; PIV, Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value.