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. 2025 Aug 12;4:1644128. doi: 10.3389/frcha.2025.1644128

Table 2.

Average score on the CASC-P.

Categories Items Score
Bedtime problems 1. I drink a caffeinated beverage ≤3h before going to bed 1.0 ± 1.1
2. I play video games, surf the Internet, or send texts ≤1h before going to bed 1.5 ± 1.2
3. I avoid going to bed even though it is time to go to sleep 1.0 ± 1.0
4. I feel anxious or afraid when it is time to go to sleep 0.1 ± 0.5
5. I have trouble falling asleep when I am by myself 0.2 ± 0.6
6. Before I fall asleep, my legs feel uncomfortable, as if I cannot hold them still 0.1 ± 0.5
Sleep breathing and unstable sleep 7. I snore 0.6 ± 0.8
8. My breath sounds as if it is getting caught in my throat 0.1 ± 0.4
9. I stop breathing while I sleep 0.1 ± 0.4
10. I toss and turn, or change positions often while I sleep 0.8 ± 0.9
11. I talk in my sleep 0.6 ± 0.3
12. I cry out in my sleep and wake up during the night 0.1 ± 0.3
Parasomnia and sleep movement 13. I have scary dreams or cry out during nightmares 0.2 ± 0.4
14. I sleepwalk 0.1 ± 0.2
15. My legs twitch while I sleep 0.3 ± 0.5
16. I urinate in my sleep 0.0 ± 0.1
17. I grind my teeth while I sleep 0.3 ± 0.6
18. I sweat excessively while I sleep 0.4 ± 0.7
Daytime problems 19. The amount of sleep I get varies each night 0.6 ± 0.7
20. I feel tired or groggy when I wake up in the morning 1.2 ± 1.0
21. I skip breakfast 0.4 ± 0.7
22. I get sleepy during class outside of naptime 0.8 ± 0.9
23. I fall asleep during class outside of naptime 0.2 ± 0.6
24. I fall asleep if I sit still (i.e., watching TV, riding in the car) 0.8 ± 0.9