Table 3.

Hierarchical regression models predicting WHODAS 2.0 disability domains (D01: Cognition, D02: Mobility, D03: Self-care, D04: Getting along, D05: Life activities, D06: Participation) and total disability scores. Step 1 (Demographics variables/Disease duration); step 2 (Temperament traits assessed with the TEMPS-A); step 3 (psychiatric comorbidities, assessed with the DASS-21). WHODAS 2.0 = World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0; TEMPS-A = Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Auto-questionnaire; DASS-21 = Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21.

	D01	D02	D03	D04	D05	D06	Total
Step 1: Demographic variables and disease duration	β	β	β	β	β	β	β
Sex (female)	−0.004	−0.074	−0.043	−0.054	0.057	−0.033	−0.004
Age (years)	−0.01	0.275*	0.085	−0.029	0.124	0.321*	0.198
Education (years)	−0.023	−0.048	−0.092	0.025	−0.008	−0.011	−0.055
Relationship (partnered)	0.078	0.092	0.113	0.023	0.062	0.031	0.022
Disease duration (years)	−0.101	0.259*	−0.112	−0.076	0.26*	0.3*	−0.207
R2	0.015	0.086	0.037	0.011	0.05	0.08	0.038
F	0.294	1.856	0.753	0.215	1.046	1.724	0.782
Step2: Temperament traits
Cyclothymic	0.197	0.104	−0.057	0.004	−0.028	0.12	0.023
Depressive	0.025	0.122	0.013	−0.038	0.197	0.261	0.14
Irritable	0.106	0.184	0.082	0.228	0.049	−0.074	0.085
Hyperthymic	−0.231*	−0.344**	−0.234*	−0.260*	−0.264*	−0.163*	−0.35**
Anxious	0.161	0.083	0.122	0.072	0.238	0.178	0.213
R2	0.202	0.33	0.092	0.128	0.226	0,266	0.255
ΔR2	0.188	0.245	0.056	0.117	0.176	0.186	0.217
F	2.383*	4.64**	0.955	1.377	2.741**	3.414**	3.211**
Step 3: Psychiatric comorbidity
Depression	0.013	0.041	−0.021	−0.127	0.087	0.165	−0.037
Anxiety	0.398*	0.394**	0.255	0.462**	0.307*	0.385*	0.409**
Stress	0.231	0.042	0.179	0.149	0.082	−0.024	0.191
R2	0.35	0.422	0.155	0.246	0.305	0.369	0.379
ΔR2	0.148	0.092	0.063	0.118	0.079	0.103	0.125
F	3.774*	5.118**	1.288	2.287*	3.076**	4.1**	4.278**

*p< 0.05, **p< 0.01.