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. 2025 Aug 25;15:31259. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15940-7

Table 3.

Performance comparison of CNN models with different optimizers(0(Early Blight), 1(Healthy), 2(Late Blight)).

Model Class Accuracy Precision Recall F1 score Training time (s)
DL1 0 0.95 0.99 0.97 0.98 21.76
1 0.88 1.00 0.94
2 0.97 0.88 0.92
DL2 0 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.96 11.31
1 0.96 0.99 0.98
2 0.96 0.93 0.94
DL3 0 0.94 0.97 0.97 0.97 12.47
1 0.99 0.88 0.93
2 0.88 0.97 0.92
DL4 0 0.96 0.97 0.99 0.98 12.82
1 0.93 1.00 0.96
2 0.99 0.90 0.94