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. 2025 Aug 12;8:1640549. doi: 10.3389/frai.2025.1640549

Table 5.

Performance comparison of models based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score.

Model Accuracy Precision Recall F1-score
VGG16 94.94% 0.9428 0.9256 0.9331
Resnet-50 99.45% 0.9931 0.9919 0.9924
Efficient Net-B0 99.69% 0.9952 0.9950 0.9951
DenseNet-121 99.76% 0.9960 0.9969 0.9965
MobileNet-V2 99.62% 0.9946 0.9948 0.9947
Inception-V3 99.73% 0.9960 0.9959 0.9962
Incpetion-ResnetV2 99.74% 0.9959 0.9959 0.9960
Xception 99.70% 0.9949 0.9957 0.9953
Proposed CNN-SEEIB 99.79% 0.9970 0.9972 0.9971