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. 2025 Aug 12;8:1640549. doi: 10.3389/frai.2025.1640549

Table 6.

Inference performance and resource utilization comparison of models.

Model Number of parameters/model size (MB) Inference time (ms) Frames per second (FPS) Floating point operations per second (FLOPS)
VGG16 15,668,070/59.77 MB 68 14.5 15.347
Resnet-50 25,724,838/98.13 MB 72 13.5 3.864
Efficient Net-B0 4,098,249/15.63 MB 69 14.5 0.385
DenseNet-121 7,076,454/26.99 MB 80 12.3 2.839
MobileNet-V2 3,267,814/12.47 MB 62 16.5 0.567
Inception-V3 23,939,910/91.32 MB 75 12.5 5.784
Inception-ResnetV2 54,395,142/207.50 MB 70 13.5 6.551
Xception 20,939,342/79.88 MB 71 13.5 3.601
Proposed CNN-SEEIB 3,340,194/12.74 MB 64 16.5 2.121