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. 2025 Aug 12;17:1635861. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1635861

FIGURE 2.

Cross-sectional illustrations of a brain showing three metrics. (a) Cortical thickness (CT) measured by yellow arrows. (b) Sulcal depth (SD) with blue lines indicating depth levels. (c) Local gyrification index (LGI) with a color gradient from yellow to red indicating low to high LGI.

Overview of the methodology for measuring (a) CT, (b) SD, and (c) LGI on the cerebral surface. CT is measured as the minimal distance between corresponding point on the pial and white matter surface (yellow bar). SD is measured as the Laplacian trajectory between CHS (red contour) and the pial surface (blue contour). LGI is then measured as the ratio between the pial (blue) and CHS (red) surface area. The color gradients for LGI indicates the regions expected to have higher values (shown in orange) and lower values (shown in yellow). CHS, cerebral hull surface; CT, cortical thickness; LGI, local gyrification index; SD, sulcal depth