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. 2025 Aug 25;15:31291. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-17311-8

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics of the study and pearson correlation analysis findings (n = 827).

Variables M SD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1. SL 3.67 0.83 - 0.836** 0.535** 0.245** 0.026 0.009 −0.083* −0.091**
2. DL 3.75 0.78 - 0.589** 0.275** 0.022 −0.003 −0.131** −0.106**
3. TSW 3.25 0.49 - 0.499** 0.180** 0.032 −0.072* −0.001
4. TE 4.61 0.44 - −0.035 −0.077* −0.076* −0.115**
5. Professional Seniority 15.39 8.67 - 0.168** 0.119** 0.104**
6. Gender - - - 0.158** 0.051
7. Level of Education - - - 0.142**
8. Educational Level - - -

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01, M: Mean, SD: Standard Deviation, SL: Servant Leadership, DL: Distributed Leadership, TSW: Teacher Subjective Well-being, TE: Teaching Enthusiasm, Gender: The reference group is women, Level of Education: The reference group is preschool, Educational Level: The reference group is Bachelor’s degree.