Table 4.
Imaging biomarkers
| Modality | Findings | Therapeutic outcome | Treatment | n | Study design | PMID/DOI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EOB-MRI | High RER | Unfavorable | Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy | 18 (68 lesions) | Retrospectively | PMID: 34950184 |
| High RER | Unfavorable | Atezo + Bev | 35 | Retrospectively | PMID: 35159095 | |
| Heterogeneous signal intensity | ||||||
| rim aphe, peritumoral enhancement in arterial phase, or intermediate intensity on HBP | Favorable | Atezo + Bev | 27 (60 lesions) | Retrospectively | https://doi.org/10.1159/000542099 | |
| Chemical shift MR imaging | Steatohepatic HCC | Favorable | Atezo + Bev | 30 | Retrospectively | PMID: 35567547 |
| FDG-PET CT | High SUVmax | Favorable | Durva + Treme | 21 | Retrospectively | PMID: 39527933 |
| Contrast-enhanced CT | Non simple nodular type | Favorable | Atezo + Bev | 74 patients (95 lesions) | Retrospectively | PMID: 38353524 |
| Tumor shape irregularity | Unfavorable | Atezo + Bev | 395 | Retrospectively | PMID: 39714631 | |
| CEUS | Low rising time ratio | Favorable | ICI + anti-angiogenic therapy | 66 | Prospectively | PMID: 38072718 |
EOB-MRI gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI, RER relative enhancement, APHE arterial phase hyperenhancement, HBP hepatobiliary phase, FDG-PET fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, SUVmax maximum standardized uptake value, CEUS contrast-enhanced ultrasound