Table 2:
Main characteristics of five RCTs comparing the impact of HDF and high-flux HD on all-cause mortality.
| Sample characteristics | Dialysis characteristics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Authors, year, country, study design, duration (PMID) [Ref.] | Key enrolment criteria | high flux HD | HDF | high flux HD | HDF |
| Blankestijn et al., | Inclusion: | n. 677 | n. 683 | Dialysis vintage: | Dialysis vintage: |
| (CONVINCE) | – age ≥18 years | 30 (14-67) months | 35 (16-78) months | ||
| 2023, Europe | – HD >3 months | Age: 62.3±13.5 years | Age: 62.5±13.5 years | ||
| Duration: | Duration: | ||||
| RCT 30 months (37326323) [14] | – convection volume: 23 L in post-filter | Males: 62% | Males: 63.8% | 240 (240-245) min | 240 (240-248) min |
| Diabetes: 37.1% | Diabetes: 33.7% | Vascular access: | Vascular access: | ||
| Exclusion: | CVC 13.9%, | CVC 13.2%, | |||
| – life expectancy <3 months | Active smokers: 16.2% | Active smokers: 14.3% | AVF 82.3% | AVF 81.7% | |
| Graft 3.8% | Graft 5.1% | ||||
| – previous HDF treatment <90 days before screening | Previous CVD: 46.7% | Previous CVD: 43.3% | Filter: NA | Filter: NA | |
| Infusate volume: 23±1 L/session | |||||
| – anticipated kidney transplantation from a living donor within 6 months after screening | Convection strategy: 23 L/session | ||||
| Ok et al., | Inclusion: | n. 391 | Low efficiency HDF (RF ≤17.4 L): | Dialysis vintage: 58.7±43.2 months | Low efficiency HDF (RF ≤17.4 L): |
| (TURKISH) | – age >18 years | ||||
| 2012, Turkey 39 months | – bicarbonate HD 3 t/w for a total of 12 hours/week– mean single-pool Kt/V >1.2 | Age: 56.5±14.9 yearsMales: 58.1% | n. 196 | Dialysis vintage: 60.9±45.8 months | |
| Age: 56.9±11.6 years | Duration: NA | Duration: NA | |||
| RCT (23229932) [12] | Exclusion:– scheduled for living donor renal transplantation– serious life-limiting comorbid situations– active malignancy or infection– end-stage cardiac, pulmonary, or hepatic disease– temporary catheter as a vascular access– Qb 250 <mL/min– urine output >250 mL/day– pregnancy or nursing mothers– mental incompetence | Males: 56%Diabetes: 43% | Vascular access: | Vascular access: | |
| Diabetes: 33% | AVF 95.4%Filter: FX60 or FX80 | AVF 95.4 %Filter: FX60 or FX80 | |||
| Active smokers: 26% | |||||
| Active smokers: 23.8% | |||||
| Previous CVD: 25% | |||||
| Previous CVD: 25.7% | Infusate volume: 16.2±1.0 L/session | ||||
| Convection strategy: ≤17.4 L/session | |||||
| High efficiency HDF (RF>17.4 L): | High efficiency HDF (RF>17.4 L/session): | ||||
| Dialysis vintage: 60.9±45.8 months | |||||