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. 2025 Aug 12;13:1640986. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1640986

FIGURE 2.

Figure A displays fluorescence images of cells treated with different concentrations of CQ and a morula flush, showing varying intensities of green fluorescence. Figure B shows a bar graph comparing relative DAPGreen fluorescence across these treatments. The bars indicate that 0 micromolar CQ has the highest fluorescence, with decreasing levels in 1.0 micromolar CQ, 2.0 micromolar CQ, and morula flush. Error bars are included for variance.

(A) Relative fluorescence intensity or representative images of autophagy activity by in vitro culture and chloroquine treatment. Autophagy activity was evaluated by DAPGreen staining or DAPGreen stained images after in vitro culture to morula embryo stage. 0 μM CQ (a); 1.0 µM CQ (b); 2.0 µM CQ (c); morula embryo stage. Embryos obtained by perfusion manipulation after in vitro culture until the mulberry embryo stage (d). Scale bar = 10 µm. (B) DAPGreen relative fluorescence intensity when the untreated area is set as 1. Data represent means ± SEM for each treatment group obtained from at least three independent replicates. Different letters represent significant differences (P < 0.05).