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. 2025 Aug 12;6:1540183. doi: 10.3389/fresc.2025.1540183

Figure 3.

Diagram showing the conversion of a 2D kymogram to a 1D kymogram. The left side features stacked medical scan slices with axes labeled x and y, highlighting a yellow vertical line representing one pixel width. An arrow indicates y-t reformatting towards the right. The right side displays a 1D kymogram with time t on the horizontal axis and y on the vertical, showing lung and liver areas.

Magnetic resonance-based kymogram—a time-space visualization of the temporal dynamics of respiratory motion. The figure presents the method for visualizing the temporal dynamics of respiratory motion, named magnetic resonance (MR)-based “kymogram”. The 2D kymogram is a temporal series of 2D dynamic MR images, depicting 2D respiratory thoracic motion. From this 2D kymogram, 1D kymograms can be reconstructed by extracting pixel information (i.e., signal intensities) in the y-direction at any given x-coordinate across all time points (1D y-t kymogram) or by extracting pixel information in the x-direction at any given y-coordinate across all time points (1D x-t kymogram). This figure shows an example of a 1D y-t kymogram that captures the movement of the lung and liver during different respiratory phases. The 1D kymogram is produced with a resolution of 1 pixel along the t-axis, allowing for visualization of thoracic movements along the spatial and temporal axes.