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. 2025 Aug 5;13:1606778. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1606778

Figure 3.

The two path diagrams in Figure 3 show the impact of individual health on relative poverty for individuals with different hukou, reflecting the heterogeneity analysis of the study.

Pathway maps for rural clusters (left) and urban clusters (right). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. () Represent standard errors.