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. 2025 Aug 12;13:1616506. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1616506

Table 2.

Key findings by years of experience (N = 306).

Variable Preferred diversity strategy by years of experience
Years of experience Serving as role models p-value Advocating for diverse representation p-value Providing mentorship p-value Other p-value
<1 year (n = 77) 41 (53%) 0.414 59 (77%) 0.117 46 (60%) 0.027* 8 (10%) 0.942
1–3 years (n = 41) 24 (59%) 36 (88%) 32 (78%) 4 (10%)
3–5 years (n = 46) 32 (70%) 41 (89%) 36 (78%) 9 (20%)
5–10 years (n = 83) 51 (61%) 67 (81%) 58 (70%) 6 (8%)
10–20 years (n = 39) 22 (56%) 28 (72%) 21 (54%) 3 (8%)
>20 years (n = 19) 14 (74%) 18 (95%) 16 (84%) 1 (5%)
Variable Experienced barriers by years of experience
Years of experience Yes No Unsure p-value
<1 year (n = 77) 51 (66%) 16 (21%) 10 (13%) 0.110
1–3 years (n = 41) 31 (76%) 10 (24%) 0 (0%)
3–5 years (n = 46) 32 (70%) 9 (20%) 5 (10%)
5–10 years (n = 83) 56 (67%) 16 (19%) 9 (14%)
10–20 years (n = 39) 20 (51%) 15 (38%) 34 (11%)
>20 years (n = 19) 16 (84%) 3 (16%) 0 (0%)
Variable Types of barriers by years of experience
Years of experience Lack of support from healthcare organizations p-value Resistance from healthcare providers p-value Limited funding p-value Other p-value
<1 year (n = 77) 27 (35%) 0.759 9 (12%) 0.011* 33 (43%) 0.173 13 (17%) 0.839
1–3 years (n = 41) 15 (37%) 9 (22%) 23 (56%) 8 (20%)
3–5 years (n = 46) 21 (46%) 12 (26%) 22 (48%) 8 (17%)
5–10 years (n = 83) 29 (35%) 29 (35%) 39 (47%) 10 (12%)
10–20 years (n = 39) 12 (31%) 9 (23%) 16 (41%) 5 (13%)
>20 years (n = 19) 8 (42%) 8 (42%) 14 (74%) 2 (11%)

*Statistically significant.