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. 2025 Aug 12;16:1608269. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1608269

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Copyright © 2025 Badaluta, Ionascu, Ditu, Curutiu, Holban, Oprea, Kourkoutas, Mihai, Cucu, Hudita, Marinescu and Lazar.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Bar graph showing the mean minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in milligrams per milliliter for various bacterial strains. Gram-positive strains include S. aureus MRSA 68, MRSA 86, S. aureus 205, 216, ATCC 25923, and E. faecalis ATCC 29212, 188. Gram-negative strains include E. coli ATCC 25922, E. coli 82, and K. pneumoniae 102. Significant differences are indicated by asterisks, with “ns” marking non-significant comparisons. Bars for gram-negative strains are taller, indicating higher MICs. — Graphic representation of the MIC values (mg/mL) after 24 h of incubation of microbial strains in the presence of αT:N (1:1) combination (ns – (not significant) p > 0.05; ****p < 0.0001). Barplots were created with modified data.