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. 2025 Aug 12;16:1649330. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1649330

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Copyright © 2025 Edriss, Romagnoli, Caprioli, Bonaiuto, Padua and Annino.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The image features two rows. The top row shows three depth-sensing cameras labeled: a) Xbox 360 Kinect, b) ZED stereo camera, c) ZED mini stereo camera. The bottom row includes: a) and b) diagrams of human skeletal joint mappings with numbered lists correlating to various body parts; c) a similar skeletal mapping with a different configuration; d) a 3D wireframe model of a human figure. Each diagram is labeled with corresponding numbers and parts, providing different configurations for motion capture and analysis. — Top: Three types of depth cameras labeled (a) a Kinect for an Xbox 360 gaming console, (b) a ZED Camera by StereoLabs, and (c) an Intel RealSense depth camera model. Bottom: Three human body models corresponding to each camera, labeled (a) AlphaPose, (b) MediaPipe, (c) OpenPose, with numbered keypoints like nose, neck, shoulders, and more. Model (d) DensePose shows a mesh grid full-body representation.