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. 2025 Aug 26;15(37):30290–30301. doi: 10.1039/d5ra05434f

Fig. 4. (a) RDFs of S–Ow (oxygen of water) (i–viii) for various Nafion® chain models 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 respectively for hydration level (λ = 3.5 to 16) at 300 K. The maximum peak observed at 4 Å, indicating the most probable distance between the sulphur atom in SO3 group and Ow. (b) RDFs of S–Oh (oxygen of hydronium) (i–viii) for various Nafion® chain models 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 respectively for hydration level (λ = 3.5 to 16) at 300 K. The maximum peak observed at 4 Å, indicating the most probable distance between sulphur atoms in SO3 group and Oh.

Fig. 4