Skip to main content
. 2025 Aug 12;19:1625279. doi: 10.3389/fninf.2025.1625279

Figure 1.

Flowchart illustrating a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) process. Left path: User sends command, BCI understands command and provides feedback, user understands feedback. Right path: Data acquisition, pre-processing, feature extraction, classification, output production, feedback.

Combination of the two main architectures of a BCI system. The three stages of the architecture, which focus is put on the interaction between two entities of the BCIs—the user and the computer—are presented on the left. The six architecture steps centered on the BCI work cycle, which constitute the second stage of the more general architecture, are presented on the right.