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. 2025 Aug 12;12:1515693. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1515693

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© 2025 Tona, Civieri, Vadori, Masiero, Iop, Perazzolo Marra, Cecere, Martini, Tansella, Bernava, Schiavon, Leoni, Cozzi and Iliceto.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Kaplan-Meier plot showing cumulative incidence over 800 days for seronegative (gray), single seropositive (blue), and double seropositive (red) groups. The main graph indicates the cumulative incidence percentage over time. The inset shows a zoomed-in view with y-axis up to a cumulative incidence of 50%. Log-rank test results indicate significant differences: overall p-value is 0.006, with p-values of 0.06, 0.003, and 0.002 for specific comparisons. The number at risk is listed below for each group at various time points. — Kaplan–meier curves for MACE at the 4-year follow-up. The Kaplan–Meier curves show significantly higher MACE rates for single- and double-seropositive patients than for seronegative patients. The inset graph shows the data on an expanded y axis.