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. 2025 Aug 12;12:1506912. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1506912

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© 2025 Xu, Huang, Li, Zhang, Li, Liu, Ma, Du and Lyu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Risk of bias assessment table displaying evaluations for multiple studies, labeled with authors and years. Green circles indicate low risk, yellow circles with question marks represent unclear risk, and red circles denote high risk. Bias types assessed include sequence generation, allocation concealment, performance, detection, attrition, reporting, and other biases. — Biases of the included studies.