Table 2.
Characteristics of the included trials.
| Trial | Sample size | Age | Intervention | Treatment | Outcomes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental group |
Control group | Experimental group |
Control group | Experimental group |
Control group | Period (W) |
Frequency | ||
| Xiaobin Wang 2019 (27) | 50(S) 20/30(M/W) | 50(S) 22/28(M/W) | 67.6 ± 4.5 | 67.4 ± 4.2 | Twenty-four Patterns of Taijiquan | Routine treatment and care of hypertension | 12 | 40–60 min, 3/w | ①②③④⑤⑥ |
| Lijuan Feng 2018 (28) | 36(S) 19/17(M/W) | 37(S) 14/23(M/W) | 66.33 ± 4.74 | 67.51 ± 4.09 | Taijiquan | 1 h routine walk | 12 | 1 h, 3/w | ①②③④⑤⑥ |
| Yongcai Zheng 2015 (29) | 49(S) 20/29(M/W) | 48(S) 19/29(M/W) | 54.71 ± 5.43 | 55.77 ± 6.24 | Twenty-four Patterns of Taijiquan | Nifedipine Sustained-release Tablets | 12 | 40–60 min, 4–8/w | ①②③④⑤⑥ |
| Huijuan Xie 2014 (30) | 25(S) 11/14(M/W) | 25(S) 14/11(M/W) | 60–70 | Twenty-four Patterns of Taijiquan | General daily lifestyle interventions | 12 | 1 h, 5/w | ①② | |
| Yami Cao 2024 (31) | 40(S) 21/19(M/W) | 40(S) 22/18(M/W) | 66.98 ± 5.48 | 67.02 ± 5.46 | Twenty-four Patterns of Taijiquan | Levoamlodipine Maleate Tablets | 12 | 60 min, 1/d | ①② |
| Shouxiao Ling 2018 (32) | 98(S) 48/50(M/W) | 100(S) 55/45(M/W) | 52.35 ± 3.26 | 51.35 ± 4.21 | Twenty-four Patterns of Taijiquan | General daily lifestyle interventions | 12 | 45–60 min, 1–2/d | ①② |
| Qiaoying Han 2010 (33) | 30 | 28 | 62.12 ± 10.51 | Twenty-four Patterns of Taijiquan | General daily lifestyle interventions | 240 | 45–60 min, 1–2/d | ①② | |
| Xiaojun Wang 2011 (34) | 30 | 30 | 50–70 | Taijiquan Exercise Prescription | General daily lifestyle interventions | 16 | 60 min, 5/w | ①② | |
| Zibo Shi 2017 (35) | 30(S) 17/13(M/W) | 30(S) 18/12(M/W) | 43.26 ± 9.76 | 41.58 ± 9.12 | Taijiquan | Low-salt, low-fat diet education | 12 | 30 min, 4–5/w | ①② |
| Jing Sun 2015 (11) | 136(S) 19/117(M/W) | 130(S) 29/101(M/W) | 45–80 | Taijiquan | Non-motor activity | 48 | Group activities 3 h/week and individual family exercises 2 h/week | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧ | |
| Xiao-Ling Shou 2019 (36) | 98(S) 48/50(M/W) | 100(S) 55/45(M/W) | 52 ± 6.46(M), 51 ± 7.09(W) | 52 ± 8.98(M) 51 ± 7.54(W) | Twenty-four Patterns of Taijiquan | General daily lifestyle interventions | 12 | 40–90 min, 1–2/d | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦ |
| Aileen Wai Kiu Chan 2018 (37) | 82(S) 32/50(M/W) | 82(S) 38/44(M/W) | 64.70 ± 7.59 | 65.13 ± 10.22 | Twenty-four Patterns of Taijiquan | General daily lifestyle interventions | 12 | 60 min, 2/w | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧ |
| JEN-CHEN TSAI 2003 (10) | 37(S) 19/18(M/W) | 39(S) 19/20(M/W) | 51.6 ± 16.3 | 50.5 ± 9.8 | Taijiquan | General daily lifestyle interventions | 12 | 50 min, 3/w | ①② |
| Chunhua Ma 2018 (38) | 79(S) 54/25(M/W) | 79(S) 55/24(M/W) | 70.24 ± 10.25 | 69.71 ± 10.84 | Twenty-four Patterns of Taijiquan | Routine nursing of hypertension | 24 | 60 min, 3–5/w | ①②⑦⑧ |
| Xinye Li 2024 (39) | 173(S) 86/87(M/W) | 169(S) 80/89(M/W) | 48.4 ± 12.4 | 50.1 ± 11.4 | Twenty-four Patterns of Taijiquan | Aerobic exercise | 48 | 60 min, 4/w | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧ |
| Zhi-Wei Yan 2022 (40) | 49(S) 17/32(M/W) | 47(S) 17/30(M/W) | 59.31 ± 7.52 | 60.78 ± 7.21 | Twenty-four Patterns of Taijiquan | General daily lifestyle interventions | 12 | 60 min, 5/w | ①②⑦ |
| Bo Lin 2021 (41) | 60(S) 36/24(M/W) | 50(S) 29/21(M/W) | 64.20 ± 4.04 | 63.80 ± 4.40 | Twenty-four Patterns of Taijiquan | General daily lifestyle interventions | 12 | 60 min, 3/w | ①② |
① SBP; ② DBP; ③ TC; ④ TG; ⑤ HDL; ⑥ LDL; ⑦ BMI; ⑧ (WC).
S, sum; M, male; W, female; W, week; d, day.