Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of patients according to the presence of malnutrition based on GLIM criteria
| Descriptive characteristics | All groups (n = 669) | Malnutrition ( +) (n = 147) | Malnutrition ( – ) (n = 522) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| %(n) Mean ± SD | %(n) Mean ± SD | %(n) Mean ± SD | ||
| Age (years) | 75.5 ± 7.7 | 77.0 ± 7.6 | 75.0 ± 7.7 | 0.002* |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 55.2 (369) | 51.0 (75) | 56.3 (294) | 0.254** |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 74.1 (496) | 70.1 (103) | 75.3 (393) | 0.202** |
| Education level | ||||
| Primary school and below | 83.1 (556) | 84.4 (124) | 82.2 (432) | 0.648** |
| Smoking | ||||
| Current smoker | 6.1 (41) | 97.3 (143) | 92.9 (485) | 0.051** |
| Alcohol consumption | ||||
| Yes | 1.0 (7) | 0.0 (0) | 1.3 (7) | 0.158** |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Yes | 60.2 (403) | 67.3 (99) | 58.2 (304) | 0.046** |
| Surgical operation in the last 3 months | ||||
| Yes | 20.8 (139) | 18.4 (27) | 21.5 (112) | 0.415** |
| Food allergy | ||||
| Yes | 3.3 (22) | 4.1 (6) | 3.1 (16) | 0.542** |
| Nutritional route | ||||
| Oral | 95.1 (636) | 85.0 (125) | 97.9 (511) | < 0.001** |
| Oral + enteral | 2.5 (17) | 8.8 (13) | 0.8 (4) | |
| Other*** | 2.4 (16) | 6.1 (9) | 1.3 (7) | |
| Disease-specific diet status | ||||
| Yes | 45.0 (301) | 34.0 (50) | 48.1 (251) | 0.002** |
| Hospitalization unit | ||||
| Internal units | 81.5 (545) | 85.7 (126) | 80.3 (419) | 0.133** |
| Hospitalization(day) | 4.2 ± 8.1 | 5.6 ± 15.0 | 3.8 ± 4.6 | 0.005* |
| Anthropometric measurement | ||||
| Weight (kg) | 72.9 ± 14.7 | 65.3 ± 14.5 | 75.2 ± 14.0 | < 0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 163.4 ± 8.5 | 163.3 ± 8.7 | 163.4 ± 8.5 | 0.885 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.3 ± 5.2 | 24.4 ± 4.7 | 28.2 ± 5.1 | < 0.001 |
| MUAC (cm) | 28.5 ± 4.1 | 26.5 ± 3.9 | 29.1 ± 3.9 | < 0.001 |
| Calf circumference (cm) | 33.9 ± 4.6 | 31.6 ± 4.4 | 34.5 ± 4.5 | < 0.001 |
BMI Body Mass Index. MUAC Mid-Upper Arm Circumference
*Mann–Whitney U test
**Pearson Chi-Square test (Column percentage)
***Enteral, Parenteral, Enteral + Parenteral