Table 2.
Correlations Between Baseline Preliteracy Outcomes of the PRS, Early Reading, and Early Writing Scores With Characteristics Among all DHH Participants (n = 45)
| PRS | Early Reading | Early Writing | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age of identification in months | −0.004 (0.98) | −0.04 (0.80) | 0.05 (0.77) |
| Severe to profound hearing loss | 0.06 (0.68) | −0.02 (0.87) | 0.14 (0.35) |
| Use hearing aid | 0.09 (0.55) | 0.19 (0.22) | −0.01 (0.97) |
| Use cochlear implant | −0.11 (0.46) | −0.23 (0.12) | 0.03 (0.86) |
| Receipt of public insurance | −0.32 (0.03) | −0.41 (0.005) | −0.17 (0.25) |
| Caregivers with college graduate degree | 0.18 (0.22) | 0.15 (0.33) | 0.19 (0.21) |
| Increasing household income categories | 0.37 (0.01) | 0.39 (0.009) | 0.23 (0.13) |
| Household income <$40,000 annually | −0.36 (0.02) | −0.41 (0.006) | −0.26 (0.09) |
| Nonverbal IQ | 0.38 (0.01) | 0.42 (0.004) | 0.27 (0.07) |
| Receptive language standard score | 0.52 (0.0003) | 0.59 (<0.0001) | 0.35 (0.02) |
| Expressive language standard score | 0.47 (0.002) | 0.53 (0.0003) | 0.31 (0.047) |
| BRIEF-P Global executive Composite | −0.35 (0.018) | −0.37 (0.011) | −0.24 (0.12) |
| BRIEF-P Inhibit subscale | −0.39 (0.008) | −0.40 (0.006) | −0.26 (0.088) |
| BRIEF-P shift subscale | −0.29 (0.056) | −0.32 (0.033) | −0.24 (0.11) |
| BRIEF-P Plan/Organize subscale | −0.20 (0.18) | −0.26 (0.087) | −0.09 (0.57) |
| BRIEF-P emotional control subscale | −0.26 (0.08) | −0.29 (0.06) | −0.20 (0.19) |
| BRIEF-P working memory subscale | −0.39 (0.009) | −0.38 (0.0099) | −0.28 (0.066) |
Pearson correlation coefficient reported for language, nonverbal IQ, age, and income. Point biserial correlation reported for remaining variables. Top number represents correlation coefficient and p-value reported in parentheses.
PRS, Preliteracy Rating Scale.