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. 2025 Aug 12;16:1602047. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1602047

Figure 3.

Violin and box plots comparing IVIg and PAIA groups. (A) and (B) show violin plots for ΔmRS₁ and ΔmRS₂, indicating significant differences (*). (C) and (D) show box plots for ΔCASE₁ and ΔCASE₂, with a significant difference in (C) and no significant difference (ns) in (D).

Comparison of clinical efficacy between PAIA and IVIg. There were significant differences in ΔmRS1 (Z = -2.781, p = 0.005), ΔmRS2 (Z = -2.168, p = 0.03) and ΔCASE1 (t = -2.283, p = 0.027) after treatment (A–C), but ΔCASE2 (Z = -2.168, p = 0.943) showed no significant difference between the IVIg group and the PAIA group (D). mRS, modified Rankin scale; CASE, Clinical Assessment Scale for Autoimmune Encephalitis; IVIg, intravenous immunoglobulin; PAIA, protein A immunoadsorption. *P<0.05, ns, no significant.