Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis at baseline.
| Baseline characteristics | Total N=53 | IVIg N=30 | PAIA N=23 | P value | t/Z/χ² |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%): | 0.912 | 0.012 | |||
| Male | 18 (33.96%) | 10 (33.33%) | 8 (34.78%) | ||
| Female | 35 (66.04%) | 20 (66.67%) | 15 (65.22%) | ||
| Age, year, median (Q1,Q3) | 26.00[18.00;35.00] | 31.50[18.25;39.50] | 21.00[16.00;31.50] | 0.096 | -1.664 |
| Disease Duration, median (Q1,Q3) | 7.00 [5.00;14.0] | 7.00 [5.00;13.0] | 10.0 [5.00;13.0] | 0.570 | -0.568 |
| mRS score at baseline, median (Q1,Q3) |
5.00 [4.00;5.00] | 4.00 [3.00;5.00] | 5.00 [4.00;5.00] | 0.216 | -1.236 |
| CASE score at baseline, mean (± SD) |
16.32 (4.96) | 16.17 (5.36) | 16.52 (4.50) | 0.799 | -0.256 |
| CSF antibody titer before IVIg/PAIA, (1:n), n (%) | 32.00 [10.00;100.00] | 32.00 [10.00;100.00] | 32.00 [10.00;32.00] | 0.675 | -0.419 |
| Serum antibody titer before IVIg/PAIA, (1:n), n (%) | 32.00 [10.00;100.00] | 10.00 [10.00;100.00] | 32.00 [10.00;100.00] | 0.203 | -1.273 |
| Clinical manifestations, n(%) | |||||
| Abnormal psychiatric behavior, n (%) |
49 (92.45%) | 27 (90.00%) | 22 (95.65%) | 0.805 | 0.061 |
| Disorders of consciousness, n (%) | 38 (71.70%) | 20 (66.67%) | 18 (78.26%) | 0.353 | 0.862 |
| Seizure, n (%) | 38 (71.70%) | 23 (76.67%) | 15 (65.22%) | 0.359 | 0.841 |
| Cognitive dysfunction, n (%) | 34 (64.15%) | 21 (70.00%) | 13 (56.52%) | 0.311 | 1.028 |
| speech dysfunction, n (%) | 41(77.4%) | 22(73.3%) | 19(82.6%) | 0.424 | 0.639 |
| Involuntary movement, n (%) | 27 (50.94%) | 14 (46.67%) | 13 (56.52%) | 0.477 | 0.506 |
| Autonomic dysfunction, n (%) | 30 (56.60%) | 18 (60.00%) | 12 (52.17%) | 0.569 | 0.325 |
| CSF profiles | |||||
| Intracranial pressure, mmH2O, median (Q1,Q3) | 160 [140;190] | 170 [146;184] | 150 [118;225] | 0.272 | -1.097 |
| WBC, ×106/L, median (Q1,Q3) | 14.0 [4.00;31.0] | 13.5 [3.25;29.8] | 16.0 [4.00;27.0] | 0.993 | -0.009 |
| Pro, mg/L, median (Q1,Q3) | 302.00 [245.60;366.80] | 319.60 [275.45;393.22] | 273.50 [225.70;343.85] | 0.178 | -1.347 |
| Glu, mmol/L, median (Q1,Q3) | 3.86 [3.43;4.10] | 3.66 [3.41;4.09] | 3.92 [3.54;4.10] | 0.282 | -1.077 |
| Lac, mmol/L, median (Q1,Q3) | 1.73 [1.51;2.08] | 1.78 [1.66;2.18] | 1.68 [1.48;1.98] | 0.281 | -1.077 |
| Brain MRI abnormality, n (%) | 12 (22.6%) | 7 (23.3%) | 5 (21.7%) | 0.891 | 0.019 |
| EEG abnormality, n (%) | 45 (84.9%) | 25 (83.3%) | 20 (87.0%) | 1.000 | 0 |
| Teratoma, n (%) | 5 (9.43%) | 2 (6.67%) | 3 (13.04%) | 0.754 | 0.098 |
NMDAR, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor; mRS, modified Rankin scale; CASE, Clinical Assessment Scale for Autoimmune Encephalitis; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; WBC, white blood cell; Pro, protein; Glu, glucose; Lac, lactic acid; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; EEG, electroencephalogram; IVIg, intravenous immunoglobulin; PAIA, protein A immunoadsorption.