Table 2.
Details of immunotherapy and comparison of clinical efficacy between IVIg and PAIA.
| Baseline characteristics | Total N=53 | IVIg N=30 | PAIA N=23 | P value | t/Z/χ² |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Days between onset and immunotherapy, mean (± SD) | 15.28 (5.31) | 15.17 (4.80) | 15.43 (6.03) | 0.858 | -0.180 |
| Days between onset and IVMP, median (Q1,Q3) | 16.0 [11.0;20.0] | 16.5 [12.5;20.0] | 16.0 [10.0;21.5] | 0.957 | -0.054 |
| Days between onset and IVIg/PAIA, mean (± SD) | 16.06 (5.69) | 15.57 (5.35) | 16.70 (6.17) | 0.48 | -0.712 |
| Course of IVIg per patients, median(Q1,Q3) | 1[1;1] | – | – | ||
| Number of treatment sessions per patients, median (Q1,Q3) | – | – | 5[5;6] | – | |
| Second-line therapy; n(%) | 5(9.43%) | 4(13.33%) | 1(4.34%) | ||
| Rituximab; n(%) | 3(5.66%) | 2(0.66%) | 1(4.34%) | – | |
| Ofatumumab; n(%) | 2(3.77%) | 2(0.66%) | 0 | – | |
| Days between immunotherapy and retesting antibodies, median (Q1,Q3) | 16[14;19] | 16[14;20.25] | 16[14;18] | 0.549 | -0.600 |
| The rate of decline in CSF antibody titers; n(%) | 33(62.3%) | 14(46.7%) | 19(82.6%) | 0.007 | 7.158 |
| The rate of decline in serum antibody titers; n(%) | 33(62.3%) | 15(50.0%) | 18(78.3%) | 0.035 | 4.425 |
| Clinical improvement at 30 days, n(%) | 34 (64.15%) | 15 (50.00%) | 19 (82.61%) | 0.014 | 6.019 |
| Clinical improvement at 90 days, n(%) | 51 (96.23%) | 29 (96.67%) | 22 (95.65%) | 1 | 1.000 |
| Favorable functional outcomes at 30 days, n(%) | 6 (11.32%) | 2 (6.67%) | 4 (17.39%) | 0.433 | 0.615 |
| Favorable functional outcomes at 90 days, n(%) | 45 (84.91%) | 24 (80.00%) | 21 (91.30%) | 0.452 | 0.566 |
| ICU stay, days, median (Q1,Q3) | 24.00[19.00;30.00] | 27.00[20.00;30.75] | 22.00[16.50;24.50] | 0.03 | -2.176 |
| Hospital stay, days, median (Q1,Q3) | 36.00 [33.00;41.00] | 37.50[33.25;41.00] | 35.00[32.00;40.00] | 0.301 | -1.033 |
IVMP, intravenous methylprednisolone; IVIg, intravenous immunoglobulin; PAIA, protein A immunoadsorption; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; mRS, modified Rankin scale; CASE, Clinical Assessment Scale for Autoimmune Encephalitis; ICU, Intensive Care Unit. The bold values provided indicate statistical significance (p < 0.05).