Table 1.
Characteristics of infants and households in the HAPIN trial with child health status or mortality reports (n= 3036)*
| Infant Characteristics | |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Sex, % (n) | |
| Male | 51.8% (1573) |
| Female | 48.2% (1463) |
| Missing | 0.0% (0) |
| Birth weight in grams | |
| Mean ± SD | 2909.6 ± 469.8 |
| Range | 1000.0–6145.0 |
| Low birth weight (<2500g), % (n) | 17.5% (530) |
| Missing | 1.4% (42) |
| Maternal nulliparity, % (n) | 38.0% (1153) |
| Missing | 0.2% (6) |
| Maternal educational attainment, % (n) | |
| No formal education or primary school incomplete | 32.9% (999) |
| Primary school complete or secondary school incomplete | 34.3% (1040) |
| Secondary school complete or vocational or some college or university | 32.8% (997) |
| Missing | 0.0% (0) |
| At least one dose of vaccination or supplement by 12 months, % (n) | |
| Bacille Calmette-Guérin | 89.7% (2722) |
| Missing | 7.5% (229) |
| Pentavalent or Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis1 | 89.4% (2715) |
| Missing | 7.5% (229) |
| Rotavirus | 88.7% (2693) |
| Missing | 7.5% (228) |
| Pneumococcal | 67.8% (2058) |
| Missing | 7.5% (229) |
| Flu | 24.5% (744) |
| Missing | 13.5% (409) |
| Vitamin A | 32.8% (997) |
| Missing | 13.6% (412) |
|
Household Characteristics | |
| Household size excluding infant | |
| Mean ± SD | 4.3 ± 2.0 |
| Range | 1–18 |
| Missing | 0.0% (0) |
| Socioeconomic status index | |
| Mean ± SD | 0.0 ± 1.0 |
| Range | -2.2–2.1 |
| Missing | 0.0% (0) |
| At least one tobacco smoker in household, % (n) | 10.5% (319) |
| Missing | 0.1% (3) |
| Household water, sanitation, and hygiene status, % (n) | |
| At least basic water service | 72.3% (2196) |
| Missing | 0.03% (1) |
| Improved sanitation | 59.9% (1819) |
| Missing | 0.0% (0) |
| At least basic hygiene | 64.9% (1971) |
| Missing | 0.0% (0) |
| At least one improved floor material, % (n) | 46.0% (1397) |
| Missing | 0.0% (0) |
| Owns poultry, % (n) | 50.0% (1517) |
| Missing | 0.0% (0) |
Note:
1
In Rwanda, the DTP vaccine was administered. In the other countries, children received the Pentavalent vaccine.