Skip to main content
. 2025 Aug 25;15:31267. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16717-8

Table 1.

Mechanical properties of coal and rock mass.

Lithology Bulk
density
(kN/m3)
Bulk
modulus
(GPa)
Shear
modulus
(GPa)
Tensile
strength
(MPa)
Cohesion
(MPa)
Friction
angle (°)
No. 10 coal 15.65 3.0 1.5 0.75 0.8 28
Limestone 26.50 8.0 3.9 2.35 2.82 35
Mudstone 25.88 3.2 1.8 1.45 1.81 30
Sandy mudstone 24.12 4.5 3.1 2.21 2.31 33