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. 2025 Aug 12;16:1629932. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1629932

Table 7.

Pooled results from multiple linear regression models.

Variables Standardized beta [β] 95% CI P
Model 1
Gaming disorder symptoms
Age -0.042 -0.201, 0.145 0.754
Psychological distress 0.143 -0.059, 0.177 0.336
Everyday functioning -0.103 -0.113, 0.027 0.234
Weekly game time 0.139 -0.008, 0.065 0.129
Onset 0.278 0.010, 0.384 0.062
ADHD symptoms 0.394 0.183, 0.560 < 0.001*
ASD symptoms 0.033 -0.079, 0.104 0.795
Adjusted R-squared: 0.387
Model 2
Psychological distress
Age 0.383 0.319, 0.938 0.002*
GD symptoms 0.042 -0.344, 0.546 0.658
Everyday functioning 0.097 -0.044, 0.239 0.180
Weekly game time 0.008 -0.065, 0.072 0.917
Onset 0.214 0.078, 0.676 0.019*
ADHD symptoms 0.336 0.389, 1.123 < 0.001*
ASD symptoms 0.176 0.032, 0.347 0.023*
Adjusted R-squared: 0.609
Model 3
Everyday functioning
Age 0.031 -0.343, 0.443 0.805
Psychological distress -0.129 -0.938, 0.315 0.333
GD symptoms 0.221 -0.095, 0.526 0.180
Weekly game time 0.249 0.028, 0.217 0.013*
Onset 0.030 -0.446, 0.549 0.841
ADHD symptoms 0.051 -0.476, 0.708 0.703
ASD symptoms 0.196 -0.012, 0.419 0.070
Adjusted R-squared: 0.149

GD, gaming disorder, measured with Gaming disorder test. Onset, onset of problematic gaming. Functioning, everyday functioning measured with GAF and CGAS. ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, measured with ASRS. ASD, autism spectrum disorder, measured with RAADS-14.The * indicates that the p-value is statistically significant. The bold values are the values that are significant.