TABLE 1.
A brief list of Flavonoids Targeting microRNA (miRNA) and WNT Signaling Pathways in Cancer Cell Lines.
| SerialNo. | Flavonoid | Affected miRNA | Mechanism | Cancer cell lines | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3,6-Dihydroxyflavone | miR-21 ↓ miR-34a ↑ |
Reduces DNMT1 expression Inhibits PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway |
Breast cancer (MCF-7, MDA MB-453) |
Peng et al. (2015) |
| 2 | Anthocyanin | miR-34a ↑ | Delphinidin increases miR-34a levels, decreases β-catenin & GSK-3β expression | Breast cancer (MCF-7, MDA MB-231, MDA MB-453) | Han et al. (2019) |
| miR-483-3p ↓ | Black raspberry anthocyanin inhibits proliferation and migration of cells by targeting DKK3 (WNT signaling); Tumor formation in mice | Colorectal cancer (HCT116, HT29, LoVo, SW480) | (Guo et al., 2020) | ||
| 3 | Baicalein | miR-3127-5p ↓ | lncRNA and baicalein controls the miR-3127-5p/FZD4/WNT/β-catenin axis | Cervical cancer (SiHa, HeLa) | Yu et al. (2021) |
| miR-25 ↑ | Baicalein increases miR-25 & GSK-3β expression, decreases β-catenin and AXIN2 expression | Osteosarcoma (Saos-2) | Örenlili Yaylagül and Ülger (2020) | ||
| Multiple miRNAs | Reduces cell proliferation and induces S and G2/M phase arrest; Targets WNT signaling | Hepatocellular carcinoma (Bel-7402, Hep3B) | (Bie et al., 2017) | ||
| miR-217 ↑ | Inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis, enhances expression of DKK1, reduces expression of β-catenin, and c-MYC | Colorectal cancer (HCT116, DLD1) | (Jia et al., 2019) | ||
| 4 | Chrysin | miR-21 ↓ miR-18a ↓ miR-221 ↓ |
PLGA-PEG nanoparticle-encapsulated chrysin inhibits cell growth | Gastric cancer (AGS) | Mohammadi et al. (2016) |
| 5 | Curcumin | miR-21 ↓ | Inhibits proliferation, enhances apoptosis, and restores PDCD4 expression | Gastric cancer (MGC-803) | Qiang et al. (2019) |
| 6 | Dihydromyri-cetin | miR-21 ↓ | Suppresses the PI3K/Akt pathway, upregulates PTEN | Cholangio carcinoma (HCCC9810, TFK-1) | Chen et al. (2020) |
| 7 | Eupatilin | miR-21 ↓ | Induces apoptosis; inhibits migration and tumor formation in mice by targeting YAP1 | Renal cancer (786-O, Caki-2) | Zhong et al. (2019) |
| 8 | Genistein | miR-1260b ↓ | Genistein induces apoptosis; inhibits invasion, proliferation, and TCF reporter activity | Prostate cancer (PC-3, DU-145) | Chiyomaru et al. (2013a) |
| Renal cancer (A-498, 786-O, Caki-2) | Hirata et al. (2013) | ||||
| miR-574-3p ↑ | Reduces cell proliferation, migration and invasion; induces apoptosis; Targets WNT signaling molecules such as WNT5A and RAC1 | Prostate cancer (PC3, DU145) | (Chiyomaru et al., 2013b) | ||
| 9 | Glabridin | miR-148a ↑ | Inhibits angiogenesis by reducing WNT1, β-catenin, and LEF/TCF4 activation | Breast cancer (MDA MB-231, Hs-578T) | (Mu et al., 2017) |
| 10 | Isoliquiritige-nin | miR-32 ↓ | Induces apoptosis; inhibits proliferation, migration, & invasion; inhibits tumor formation in mice; decreases MMP2 & MMP9 expression; Inhibits WNT signaling pathway | Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (C666-1, CNE2) | Wang et al. (2019a) |
| 11 | Morin | miR-216a ↑ | Reduces cell proliferation & stemness related subpopulation; reduces tumor formation in mice; decreases CD20, CD44 and CD133 expression; Inhibits WNT3A expression | Melanoma (MV3, M14) | (Hu et al., 2018) |
| 12 | Quercetin | miR-22 ↑ | Induces apoptosis; inhibits cell proliferation and tumor formation in mice; decreases β-catenin and WNT1 expression; Inhibits WNT signalling pathway | Oral squamous cell carcinoma (Tca8113, SAS) | (Zhang et al., 2019a) |