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. 2025 Aug 12;12:1638097. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1638097

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Copyright © 2025 Du, Ying, Yang, Ma, Zhao, Yang, Wang, Zheng, Wang and Tang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Panel (a) shows a plot of coefficients against log lambda values. Multiple colored lines indicate the behavior of coefficients as lambda changes. Panel (b) depicts a plot of binomial deviance against log lambda values, with red dots and error bars showing deviance measurements. Both plots present data trends over a range of lambda values. — (a) LASSO coefficient profiles for texture features. (b) Selection of tuning parameter λ via 10-fold cross-validation in LASSO penalized logistic regression.