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. 2025 Aug 25;15:31296. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-17195-8

Table 3.

Ring geometry of bessel beams of different orders and parameters of the formed microchannels.

Topological charge Inline graphic 1 5 9
Order 1 5 9
Microchannel depth (µm) 11.602 10.958 10.263
Microchannel Roughness (µm) 0.331 0.316 0.305