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. 2025 Aug 25;15:31246. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15794-z

Table 10.

5D Hyperchaotic S-box evaluation metrics compared with the ideal values.

S-box NL SAC BIC LAP DAP
Proposed 5D 106 0.501465 112 0.0625 0.015625
Optimum case 112 0.5 112 0.0625 0.015625