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. 2025 Aug 25;15:31246. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15794-z

Table 5.

Pixel correlation coefficients in three directions: horizontal (H), diagonal (D) and vertical (V) for plain images.

Original image H D V
Mandrill 0.848778 0.750624 0.79088
Peppers 0.959422 0.930426 0.966795
F16 0.92752 0.868229 0.920783
Sailboat 0.952381 0.919872 0.950138
Tree 0.968153 0.929967 0.94515
Apples 0.965065 0.956994 0.986386
Average 0.9368865 0.892685 0.926689