Table 2.

Perioperative complications and outcome

Group	Total study population (n = 67)	CPB (n = 18)	mini-CPB (n = 15)	VV-ECMO (n = 28)	VA-ECMO (n = 6)	P value
Survival to discharge, n (%)	61(91.0%)	17(94.4)	14(93.3)	26(92.9)	4(66.6)	0.57
OR extubation, n (%)	43(64.2%)	10(55.6)	10(66.6)	20(71.4)	3(50.0)	0.04
Postoperative morbidity, n (%)	18(26.9%)
Anastomotic complications	11(16.1%)	5(27.8)	3(20.0)	2(7.1)	1(16.7)	0.04
Atelectasis	8(11.9)	2(11.1)	2(13.3)	4(14.3)	0(0.0)	0.47
Respiratory infection	7(10.4)	1(5.6)	2(13.3)	3(10.7)	1(16.7)	0.58
Chylothorax	3(4.5)	2(11.1)	0(0.0)	2(7.1)	0	0.72
Bronchopleural fistula	6(9.0)	3(16.7)	1(6.7)	1(3.6)	1(16.7)	0.63
Respiratory failure	4(6.0)	2(11.1)	0(0.0)	1(3.6)	1(16.7)	0.65
Operation time (min)	119 ± 38	142 ± 59	146 ± 63	133 ± 43	138 ± 28	0.61
Surgical bleeding (ml)	290 ± 126	460 ± 73	220 ± 78	210 ± 55	330 ± 47	0.03
Blood transfusion n (%)	16(23.9)	9(50.0)	4(26.7)	3(10.8)	2(33.3)	< 0.01
pRBC Transfusion (ml)	180 ± 34	280 ± 57	170 ± 43	140 ± 38	110 ± 45	0.43
Pleural drainage (ml)	193 ± 88	276 ± 116	172 ± 51	164 ± 49	130 ± 42	0.02
Ventilation time (hour), median [IQR]	24[1–233]	32[3–233]	17[11–46]	14[1–121]	66 [2–178]	< 0.01
ICU length of stay (hour), median [IQR]	51[0–427]	56[18–320]	27[17–59]	51[0–427]	100[12–258]	0.14
Hospital length of stay (days), median [IQR]	8.5 [4-40]	7.9 [5–26]	6.8 [4–12]	11 [5–22]	9.1 [4–40]	0.74

CPB cardiopulmonary bypass, m-CPB modified cardiopulmonary bypass, VV-ECMO veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, VA-ECMO veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, OR operating room, pRBC packed red blood cell, ICU intensive care unit