Table 3.
Cardiopulmonary support (CPS) run details and adverse event
| Group | Total study population (n = 67) |
CPB (n = 18) |
mini-CPB (n = 15) |
VV-ECMO (n = 28) |
VA-ECMO (n = 6) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Planned, n (%) | 54(80.6) | 11(61.1) | 13(86.7) | 25(89.3) | 5(83.3) | 0.02 |
| Cannulation, n (%) | ||||||
| Peripheral cannulation | 60(89.6) | 12(66.7) | 14(93.3) | 28(100.0) | 6(100.0) | 0.03 |
| Central cannulation | 7(10.4) | 6(33.3) | 1(6.7) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 0.02 |
| Pump duration (min) | 95.4 ± 55.1 | 43 ± 18.2 | 64 ± 23.7 | 139 ± 45.6 | 127 ± 34.2 | < 0.01 |
| Mean pump flow (ml/kg) | 52 ± 15.6 | 38 ± 19.7 | 36 ± 21.3 | 66 ± 14.7 | 35 ± 14.8 | < 0.01 |
| Sweep gas flow (L/min) | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 3.4 ± 0.4 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 0.16 |
| Heparin free, n (%) | 30(44.8) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 26(92.9) | 4(66.7) | < 0.01 |
| Total heparin dose (UI) | 10,255 ± 10,701 | 26,578 ± 6816 | 7213 ± 867 | 2725 ± 364 | 4033 ± 361 | < 0.01 |
| SaO2-R (%) | \ | \ | \ | 88.4 ± 2.7 | \ | < 0.01 |
| PaO2-R (mmHg) | 140.1 ± 68.8 | 187.4 ± 45.1 | 192.5 ± 33.2 | 67.5 ± 8.6 | 206.2 ± 31.2 | 0.00 |
| PaCO2-R (mmHg) | 42.7 ± 6.5 | 42.8 ± 6.6 | 41.9 ± 6.42 | 43.3 ± 7 | 42.4 ± 5.3 | 0.48 |
| SO2 (pre-oxygenator) | 78.3 ± 6.2 | 76.8 ± 9.5 | 74.4 ± 8.4 | 68.5 ± 5.4 | 75.0 ± 6.5 | 0.01 |
| Lac-max (mmol/L) | 2.2 ± 0.8 | 2.3 ± 0.8 | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 2.2 ± 0.7 | 1.9 ± 0.5 | 0.57 |
| ACT-max (seconds) | 321 ± 230 | 655 ± 196 | 250 ± 40 | 169 ± 18 | 209 ± 17 | 0.04 |
| Major cannulation site bleeding, n (%) | 9(13.4) | 3(16.7) | 2(13.3) | 3(10.7) | 1(16.7) | 0.63 |
| Limb ischemia, n (%) | 1(1.5) | 1(5.6) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 0.67 |
| Vessel injury, n (%) | 2(3.0) | 1(5.6) | 1(6.7) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 0.72 |
CPB cardiopulmonary bypass, m-CPB modified cardiopulmonary bypass, VV-ECMO veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, VA-ECMO veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, OR operating room, SaO2-R oxygen saturation of the right radial artery, PaO2-R oxygen partial pressure of the right radial artery, SO2 oxygen saturation, Lac-max intraoperative maximum lactate value, ACT-max intraoperative maximum activated clotting time