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. 2025 Aug 26;25:2921. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-24396-3

Table 1.

Descriptive characteristics of socio-demographic indicators and war exposure

Variable Category n (%)
Age Group 18–21 years 493 (78.1%)
22–25 years 116 (18.4%)
26–30 years 22 (3.5%)
Gender Female 426 (67.5%)
Male 205 (32.5%)
Living Arrangement With parents 565 (89.5%)
Dormitory with roommates 30 (4.8%)
Living alone 16 (2.5%)
Dormitory alone 13 (2.1%)
With partner 7 (1.1%)
Household Size Lives alone 17 (2.7%)
2 people 32 (5.1%)
3 people 81 (12.8%)
4 people 210 (33.3%)
5 people 206 (32.6%)
6 + people 85 (13.5%)
Marital Status Never married 606 (96.0%)
Married 10 (1.6%)
Living with partner 7 (1.1%)
Separated 6 (0.9%)
Divorced 1 (0.2%)
Widowed 1 (0.2%)
Employment Status Unemployed 361 (57.2%)
Part-time/casual work 170 (26.9%)
Full-time work 78 (12.4%)
Unable to work 19 (3.0%)
Retired 3 (0.5%)
Education Level Undergraduate 516 (81.8%)
Graduate 109 (17.3%)
PhD 6 (1.0%)
Income Level Did not disclose 249 (39.5%)
≤ $10,000 139 (22.0%)
$10,001 – $20,000 98 (15.5%)
$20,001 – $40,000 66 (10.5%)
$40,001 – $60,000 36 (5.7%)
$60,001 – $80,000 24 (3.8%)
>$80,000 19 (3.0%)
War Exposure Indirect exposure 522 (82.73%)
- Through social media/news 478 (75.8%)
- Hearing bombardments 447 (70.8%)
Direct exposure 65 (10.3%)
- Resided in bombarded areas 156 (24.7%)
- House was damaged 38 (6.0%)
- House totally bombarded 11 (1.7%)
- Displaced 21 (3.3%)
- Lost someone due to war 32 (5.1%)
No exposure 44 (6.97%)