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. 2025 Aug 25;26:153. doi: 10.1186/s40360-025-00881-8

Table 7.

Effect of MoS2 on liver, renal function tests and lipid profile in sub-acute toxicity studies at 3 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg dose levels

Male Control group Female
LFTs Units Control group MoS2 NF MoS2 NF
3 mg/kg 10 mg/kg 3 mg/kg 10 mg/kg
ALT U/L 39.33 ± 2.60 86.0 ± 3.4*** 56.0 ± 3.2* 35.3 ± 1.76 88.0 ± 3.4*** 58.33 ± 3.48**
ALP U/L 113.6 ± 8.9 183.3 ± 5.54** 216.3 ± 10.4*** 107.33 ± 2.9 203.0 ± 10.4** 414.0 ± 16.0***
AST U/L 38.3 ± 2.3 147.3 ± 7.8*** 106.3 ± 4.6*** 31.33 ± 1.76 135.33 ± 4.91*** 136.0 ± 5.68***
RFTs
Creatinine mg/dL 0.53 ± 0.06 0.60 ± 0.05 0.68 ± 0.04 0.76 ± 0.03 0.61 ± 0.04 0.53 ± 0.03^^
Urea mg/dL 48.0 ± 1.52 43.3 ± 2.60 53.33 ± 1.76 42.66 ± 1.45 56.0 ± 2.08** 51.0 ± 2.30*
Lipid Profile
Cholesterol mg/dL 98.3 ± 2.3 116.0 ± 3.05** 90.6 ± 2.9 105.3 ± 1.7 93.6 ± 3.5 ^ 72.3 ± 1.76^^^
Triglycerides mg/dL 80.66 ± 2.96 94.6 ± 2.9* 97.0 ± 3.05 * 88.6 ± 2.02 114.3 ± 3.2 ** 104.0 ± 3.60*
HDL mg/dL 48.3 ± 1.45 50.0 ± 2.08 49.0 ± 1.73 45.6 ± 1.4 5.1.3 ± 1.76 53.3 ± 2.3*
LDL mg/dL 48.6 ± 2.02 46.0 ± 2.8 49.6 ± 2.02 63.6 ± 2.02 28.6 ± 2.02^^^ 81.0 ± 2.6**
VLDL mg/dL 19.0 ± 1.15 17.3 ± 0.8 20.0 ± 1.15 24.0 ± 1.15 20.6 ± 0.8 23.6 ± 1.45

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 5, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 as compared with normal control. *indicates increase levels while ^indicate decreased levels