Table 2.
Study population characteristics at baseline according to drug use groups (N = 2 493 participants, 19 375 follow-up visits)
| M0 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DU* | Non-DU** | p-value§ | CX*** | p-value§ | Total | ||
| (N = 562) | (N = 1 566) | No-DU vs. DU | (N = 365) | CX vs. DU | (N = 2 493) | ||
| n(%) | |||||||
|
Agea (years) Mean (± SD) Median [IQR] |
35.0 (± 9) 34 [28–41] |
37.0 (± 10.0) 36 [29–44] |
< 0.001 |
38.0 (± 9.0) 37 [31–44] |
< 0.001 |
37.0 (± 10.0) 36 [29–43] |
|
| Education level a | |||||||
| Upper secondary school certificate or lower | 69 (12.3) | 221 (14.1) | 0.929 | 50 (13.7) | 1.000 | 340 (13.6) | |
| Tertiary education below Master’s degree | 213 (37.9) | 541 (34.5) | 0.508 | 141 (38.6) | 1.000 | 895 (35.9) | |
| Master’s degree or higher | 280 (49.8) | 804 (51.3) | 1.000 | 174 (47.7) | 1.000 | 1258 (50.5) | |
| Living alone a | 329 (58.5) | 911 (58.2) | 1.000 | 216 (59.2) | 1.000 | 1456 (58.4) | |
| Perceived financial situation | |||||||
| Comfortable | 176 (31.3) | 440 (28.1) | 0.494 | 92 (25.2) | 0.160 | 708 (28.4) | |
| You get by | 207 (36.8) | 695 (44.4) | 0.007 | 154 (42.2) | 0.352 | 1056 (42.4) | |
| It’s hard to make ends meet | 179 (31.9) | 431 (27.5) | 0.175 | 119 (32.6) | 1.000 | 729 (29.2) | |
| PrEP-experienced before enrolment a | 322 (57.3) | 840 (53.7) | 0.446 | 254 (69.8) | 0.001 | 1416 (56.8) | |
|
Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale score Mean (± SD) Median [IQR] |
15.0 (± 10.0) 13 [8–20] |
15.0 (± 10.0) 13 [8–20] |
1.000 |
16.0 (± 11.0) 15 [8–22] |
0.032 |
15.0 (± 10.0) 13 [8–20] |
|
|
Rosenberg self-esteem scale score Mean (± SD) Median [IQR] |
31.6 (± 5.3) 32 [28–36] |
32.0 (± 5.3) 32 [29–36] |
0.230 |
31.1 (± 5.5) 31 [28–36] |
0.552 |
31.8 (± 5.3) 32 [28–36] |
|
| Feeling… | |||||||
| Very supported | 128 (22.9) | 233 (14.9) | < 0.001 | 58 (16.0) | 0.040 | 419 (16.9) | |
| Quite supported | 242 (43.3) | 774 (49.6) | 0.033 | 162 (44.6) | 1.000 | 1178 (47.4) | |
| Quite or very alone | 189 (33.8) | 555 (35.5) | 1.000 | 143 (39.4) | 0.296 | 887 (35.7) | |
| Lifetime care received from a professional for mental health problems | 299 (53.6) | 671 (43.0) | < 0.001 | 172 (47.5) | 0.245 | 1142 (46.0) | |
| Lifetime medical treatment or hospitalization for mental health problems | 173 (31.0) | 413 (26.5) | 0.595 | 109 (30.1) | 1.000 | 695 (28.0) | |
|
Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test- Consumption score Mean (± SD) Median [IQR] |
5.2 (± 2.3) 5 [4–7] |
4 (± 2.4) 4 [2–6] |
< 0.001 |
4.4 (± 2.6) 4 [2–6] |
< 0.001 |
4.3(± 2.5) 4 [2–6] |
|
| Cannabis use b | |||||||
| Never | 313 (55.7) | 1218 (77.8) | < 0.001 | 213 (58.5) | 1.000 | 1744 (70.0) | |
| Occasionally | 159 (28.3) | 263 (16.8) | < 0.001 | 115 (31.6) | 0.989 | 537 (21.5) | |
| Regularly | 90 (16.0) | 85 (5.4) | < 0.001 | 36 (9.9) | 0.030 | 211 (8.5) | |
| Poppers use b | |||||||
| Never | 106 (18.9) | 627 (40.0) | < 0.001 | 39 (10.7) | 0.003 | 772 (31.0) | |
| Occasionally | 271 (48.2) | 586 (37.4) | < 0.001 | 189 (51.9) | 1.000 | 1046 (42.0) | |
| Regularly | 185 (32.9) | 353 (22.5) | < 0.001 | 136 (37.4) | 1.000 | 674 (27.0) | |
| Having a main partner | 267 (47.5) | 773 (49.4) | 1.000 | 157 (43.0) | 0.607 | 1197 (48.0) | |
| Number of casual sex partners b | |||||||
| < 5 | 121 (21.6) | 425 (27.2) | 0.032 | 75 (20.7) | 1.000 | 621 (25.0) | |
| Between 5 and 8 | 122 (21.8) | 328 (21.0) | 1.000 | 56 (15.4) | 0.061 | 506 (20.3) | |
| Between 10 and 19 | 157 (28.0) | 417 (26.6) | 1.000 | 96 (26.4) | 1.000 | 670 (26.9) | |
| ≥ 20 | 160 (28.6) | 395 (25.2) | 0.443 | 136 (37.5) | 0.019 | 691 (27.8) | |
| Systematically used condoms b | 92 (16.4) | 324 (20.8) | 0.035 | 34 (9.3) | 0.009 | 450 (18.1) | |
| PrEP adherence | |||||||
| Optimal | 137 (24.4) | 372 (23.8) | 1.000 | 138 (37.8) | < 0.001 | 647 (26.0) | |
| Sub-optimal | 104 (18.5) | 297 (19.0) | 1.000 | 73 (20.0) | 1.000 | 474 (19.0) | |
| No PrEP use | 321 (57.1) | 897 (57.3) | 1.000 | 154 (42.2) | < 0.001 | 1372 (55.0) | |
| Fisting or BDSM sexual practices c | 29 (5.2) | 78 (5.0) | 1.000 | 121 (33.2) | < 0.001 | 228 (9.1) | |
| Status of current sex life | |||||||
| Not at all satisfied or not really satisfied | 136 (24.2) | 432 (27.6) | 0.400 | 93 (25.5) | 1.000 | 661 (26.5) | |
| Quite satisfied | 324 (57.7) | 882 (56.4) | 1.000 | 200 (54.9) | 1.000 | 1406 (56.5) | |
| Very satisfied | 102 (18.1) | 250 (16.0) | 0.776 | 71 (19.5) | 1.000 | 423 (17.0) | |
| Having a risky sex life | |||||||
| Not at all or not really | 203 (36.1) | 703 (44.9) | 0.001 | 100 (27.4) | 0.021 | 1006 (40.4) | |
| Yes, quite risky | 262 (46.6) | 647 (41.3) | 0.099 | 164 (44.9) | 1.000 | 1073 (43.0) | |
| Yes, definitely risky | 97 (17.3) | 216 (13.8) | 0.164 | 101 (27.7) | 0.001 | 414 (16.6) | |
§Pairwise comparison with Bonferroni’s correction; a Baseline data; b Previous 3 months; c During the most recent sexual intercourse
* MSM who used drugs but did not engage in chemsex
** MSM who did not use drugs
*** MSM who engaged in chemsex