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. 2025 Aug 26;25:1200. doi: 10.1186/s12909-025-07800-9

Table 2.

Research-specific and transferable skills based on the 5-point likert scale

Skills Mean (SD)
Research-specific skills (8 items, total score of 40) 23.4 (5.6), median 24 (IQR 20,27)
Generate research question, hypothesis and objectives 3.2 (0.8)
Designing a study 2.8 (0.8)
Study sampling 2.8 (0.9)
Participant recruitment 3.0 (0.9)
Data collection 3.2 (0.9)
Biostatistical analyses 2.6 (1.0)
Paper preparation 3.0 (0.9)
Paper presentation 2.8 (1.0)
Transferable skills (11 items, total score of 55) 38.9 (6.4), median 39 (IQR 35,43)
Communication-writing 3.5 (0.9)
Communication- oral 3.4 (0.9)
Information gathering 3.5 (0.8)
Information evaluation 3.3 (0.8)
Numeracy 3.4 (0.9)
Teamwork 3.9 (0.8)
Work independently 3.9 (0.8)
Project management 3.4 (0.8)
Time management 3.4 (0.9)
Problem solving 3.5 (0.8)
Critical thinking 3.6 (0.8)