Skip to main content
. 2025 Aug 26;10:38. doi: 10.1186/s41256-025-00434-w

Table 3.

Probit model and WTP in the rare disease scenario

Exploratory variables Model 1 (without covariates) a Model 2 (reduced model) b Model 3 (full model) c
Coefficient 95% CI Coefficient 95% CI Coefficient 95% CI
Bid 8.45E−06*** (7.64e−06, 9.25e−06) 8.63E−06*** (7.80e−06, 9.46e−06) 8.66E−06*** (7.82e−06, 9.50e−06)
Female − 0.199* (− 0.423, 0.026) − 0.202* (− 0.427, 0.024)
Working experience (senior) − 0.178 (− 0.418, 0.062) − 0.201 (− 0.454, 0.051)
Expertise in health insurance − 0.189* (− 0.420, 0.042) − 0.219* (− 0.460, 0.022)
Expertise in Pharmacy 0.271 (− 0.021, 0.563) 0.252 (− 0.062, 0.566)
Expertise in pharmacoeconomics − 0.065 (− 0.358, 0.227)
South − 0.103 (− 0.355, 0.149)
Western 0.091 (− 0.272, 0.453)
constant term − 1.856*** (− 2.044, − 1.668) − 1.650*** (− 1.927, − 1.373) − 1.588*** (− 2.195, − 0.980)
WTP 219,691.1*** (206,480.5, 232,901.7) 191,155.8*** (162,576, 219,735.6) 183,391.5*** (114,306.4, 252,476.6)

aModel 1 includes response as the explained variable and Bid as the main exploratory variable; no other covariates are included in the model. bModel 2 is the reduced model, with the lowest AIC and four covariates. cModel 3 is the full model

*p < 0.1; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01